Student awareness of the University of Iowa’s upcoming tobacco-free campus policy will be vital to it’s success.
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IOWA CITY, Iowa—Starting in the fall 2015 semester, the University of Iowa will implement a new tobacco-free campus policy.
In an email sent out to faculty and students in April, UI President, Sally Mason, said the objective of the policy is to support a healthy campus culture and to promote the health and well-being of all campus community members.
The new tobacco-free policy goes into effect Aug. 24, 2015, and is currently being worked on by an implementation team chaired by Joan Troester, who is director of Human Resources Services at the university. The new policy will be an amendment to the current smoke-free campus policy to now include all forms of tobacco such as electronic cigarettes, smokeless or chewing tobacco, snuff, and hookahs, along with the already banned cigarettes and cigars.
In her email, Mason cited there being “a significant amount of research documenting health risks associated with tobacco use, and there is growing evidence of the potential health hazards around the use of e-cigarettes” as part of the university’s decision to implement the upcoming policy change.
Troester and her team will be working throughout the summer to begin changing signage, informing those on campus about the policy change, and amending the current smoke-free campus policy.
UI’s current smoke-free campus policy was implemented in July of 2008 following the Iowa Smokefree Air Act signed by Iowa Governor Chet Culver in April of that year.
Here is a timeline showing the history of smoking in the United States, from cigarettes being promoted by “doctors” to the current policies and bans that have evolved from better knowledge about the dangers of smoking cigarettes.
The university’s policy states that “smoking is prohibited in all university owned buildings, university owned or leased vehicles, and on all university grounds, including recreational facilities, athletic facilities, parking lots and enclosed parking facilities.” Failure to comply with the smoke-free policy could result in a citation of a $50 fine, according to university regulations.
Despite the current smoke-free campus policy being implemented seven years ago, some UI students are still skeptical about the effectiveness of the policy. This skepticism could create challenges in implementing and enforcing the latest tobacco-free policy, they said.
Police Regulation
Troester said her implementation team includes a member of the UI Department of Public Safety, which will be highly useful since the current regulation and enforcement of the smoke-free campus policy falls mostly on the responsibility of the UIDPS.
In 2014, the UIDPS responded to 688 calls concerning smoking on campus. Of those calls, 668 contacts or calls were initiated by police and only 20 were complaint driven. In total, 56 smoking citations were issued by police in 2014, down from 149 in 2013 and drastically down from 463 citations in 2012, according to police records.
The ratio of smoking violation calls to actual citations given in 2014 may seem low, but UIDPS officer, Alton Poole, explained that the UIDPS is most concerned with cooperation from violators to the smoking policy.
“It’s not just about looking to give out as many tickets as possible. It’s more about looking for compliance,” officer Poole said. “The intent is to promote a “smoke free” environment, not to see how many people we can cite. At times, the best option to accomplish that is by informing people and asking them to simply extinguish their smoking materials.”
The University of Northern Iowa campus also employs a smoke-free policy, but Milissa Wright, a representative for the UNI Department of Public Safety, said warnings are no longer issued to violators.
“Everyone knows you can’t smoke on campus,” Wright said.
Wright said smoking violators on the UNI campus are automatically given a citation of a $50 fine which is considered a civil penalty.
UNI’s strict adherence to the smoke-free campus policy seems to be effective because UNI freshman, Genevieve Moravek, said she does not recall seeing many people smoking on campus.
“Smoking isn’t really a thing at UNI. It would be really weird seeing someone smoking on campus,” Moravek said.
Emilie Olson, a junior at Iowa State University, shared similar sentiments about smoking on the ISU campus.
“In my opinion, I don’t see smoking on campus as an issue at all. I would say in the last two weeks I haven’t seen anyone smoking on campus at all,” Olson said. “ISU also has a no-smoking on campus policy and I think it’s well enforced. ISU has its own police force as well as an Ames Police force that patrol the campus.”
Similar to the UIDPS, the Iowa State University Police Department gives out citations or warnings on a case by case basis, according to a representative for the ISU police.
Despite the UIDPS’s efforts to curb smoking violations, students tend to be more relaxed about the smoke-free policy than would be desired.
John Sagar, a UI senior, said he quit smoking a while back, but said during his time as a smoker on campus he never really was concerned about being caught by university officials.
“I would just try to hide it,” Sagar said. “I heard of people getting warnings or asking them to move, but never an actual citation.”
Will Lovendahl, a UI sophomore who is in the process of quitting smoking cigarettes, said he recalled smoking right outside of his residence hall last year and was simply reminded of the university policy.
“A RA might come out and say, ‘Hey, you’re on school property you can’t be here.’ We stood up and walked to the curb which is no more than seven to eight feet away and continued,” Lovendahl said. “When it was enforced, it was hardly enforced. We definitely smoked on campus, without a doubt.”
Shanea Condon, a UI sophomore, expressed concerns at how well the no-smoking policy is enforced on campus. Condon also expressed frustration at the amount of smoke on campus she encounters on a daily basis.
“I inhale so much secondhand smoke when I go past the Old Capitol Mall and it’s not pleasant. I’m kind of worried because one of the main selling points for coming to the University of Iowa is that it is a smoke-free campus and clearly that’s not the case when I’m coughing and gagging every day,” Condon said. “If you’re just going to tell people like, ‘Hey don’t smoke,’ that doesn’t really enforce anything. If you give them a fine I would think probably help enforce it more.”
Regulation Obstacles
In speaking with Condon, she brought up two major issues with enforcing the UI’s current smoke-free campus policy: student knowledge about the policy and the integration of the UI campus and Iowa City.
The integration of Iowa City with the UI campus is partly to blame for seemingly grey areas in the smoke-free campus policy. Compared to the way that ISU and UNI’s campuses are very centralized, the sprawl of the U of I campus allows the illusion of loopholes to the policy.
Secondhand smoke inhalation is a valid concern for students like Condon because even a little bit inhaled everyday can add up, said Jane Greiger, a nurse at the UI Hospitals and Clinics Smoking Cessation Clinic. In the audio question and answer interview below, Greiger discusses the issues of smoking, including secondhand smoke.
However, the area around the Old Capitol Mall in downtown Iowa City where Condon mentioned she inhales a lot of secondhand smoke technically is not under the UI’s jurisdiction, despite the location being within steps of the Pentacrest, which is a central part of the UI campus.
The UI smoking policy maintains that smoking is not allowed in UI buildings and on all UI grounds. However, many of the streets that run through campus, especially on the east side, are actually owned and maintained by Iowa City and therefore people are allowed to smoke on the sidewalks adjacent to those streets.
Popular streets where smoking is allowed include Madison Street, which borders the UI Main Library and the Pentacrest, as well as Clinton, Jefferson and Washington streets which border the Pentacrest. This means that sidewalks in areas, like right in front of the university library, that seem like strictly campus jurisdiction are actually fair game for smoking, which does not seem cohesive with the smoke-free campus policy.
“I don’t really think students even know the laws or rules and regulations very well. I didn’t know there were city streets versus campus streets and that’s really confusing,” Condon said. “Especially I know a lot of international students smoke quite a bit and if I don’t know that living here in Iowa City my whole life how are people coming from across the globe going to know those rules as well?”
Although Sagar did not think smoking was as big of an issue on campus as Condon, he still was not completely sure what qualified as being campus.
“No, not on campus,” Sagar said regarding whether he sees many people smoking on campus. “I guess the only place I really define as campus is the Pentacrest and the T. Anne Cleary Walkway and all that area, but I don’t see people smoke on there very often. I think they would know better. It’s kind of a grey area around some buildings.”
Since the UI’s smoke-free policy applies to all university-owned grounds, the campus technically extends much farther than just the Pentacrest and the T. Anne Cleary Walkway. According to the UIDPS activity log for 2014, some reoccurring areas of smoking violations included around UIHC, Kinnick Stadium and residents halls.
While the discrepancies between strictly university-owned areas and Iowa City jurisdiction cannot be easily changed, student knowledge can definitely be improved, said some students.
“I don’t really know anyone who reads the rules and regulations that Dr. Rocklin sends out,” Condon admitted. “I would consider myself a pretty informed and involved student, and I’m not saying I’m a know-it-all figure, but if you’re not going to read the policies how are you going to know a new one is being implemented?”
Despite the UI smoke-free policy being a permanent fixture since 2008, some students still do not completely understand the policy.
“I don’t think there’s anyone out there who thinks ‘yeah, that makes perfect sense to me,’” Lovendahl said about the current smoke-free policy.
Strong enforcement of the new policy also will be important to the implementation and UI police officer Poole ensured that the UIPD will continue to address violators of the smoke-free policy as it transitions to the tobacco-free policy.
Most importantly, students agreed, student awareness and cooperation is what will be the driving force behind the success of the upcoming tobacco-free policy. Troester, who is heading up the implementation team of the new tobacco-free policy, said getting the word out to the public is a main priority for the university.
“We are really working on making sure there is positive communication with the campus during the course of the implementation,” Troester said. “We want it to be really positive, looking at it as a culture change. We want the communication to be all inclusive and will be making sure to communicate with faculty, staff, students, and perspective students.”